[i=s] 本帖最后由 CamelliaCafe 于 2017-12-22 01:20 编辑 [/i] 今天，我将用乐高搭建一款DIY设计的汽车双增压分层直喷式模型，通过模型，您可以了解到发动机的基本结构、组件和工作原理，我也制作了发动机的基本知识的教学视频。
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Hello, my friends! Today, I show my MOC model: a car Twins-charge fuel Stratified Injection Internal Combustion Engine whose abbreviation is TSI Engine. Please give me your precious ideas and comments.

TSI汽车发动机 模型视频展示
http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMj ... m=a2hzp.8253869.0.0




1. 这款自己设计的乐高模型基本包括了一台发动机的所有组件

This MOC model almost includes every component of a real car engine:

气缸 Cylinder
曲轴 Crankshaft
凸轮 Camshaft
正时皮带（链） Timing belt
双增压分层直喷（TSI）技术 Twinscharge fuel Stratified Injection
燃料分布注入系统 Distributor fuel Injection System
火花塞分布点燃系统 Distributor Spark Plugs System
霍尔（HALL）电路 HALL circuit
润滑系统 Lubrication
冷却系统 Cooling
发电机 Generator

2. 在使用乐高零件的同时，我自己设计了一个电子电路，采用霍尔芯片用来模拟火花塞分布式点燃系统。 Besides using LEGO bricks and parts, I add a special electronic component. It is HALL circuit. It uses a HALL chip to simulate Distributor Spark Plugs System.

3. 正如发动机和电动机的工作原理正好相反。我采用一台电机来反向驱动这台发动机模型。目的是为了模拟发动机运行过程中，各个部件的相对关系。 Just as the principle of a generator and the principle of a motor are reverse, I use a motor to drive this engine to simulate the process of a running engine. And each component is running as a real-time sequence. When running, it looks like a real engine more.
图1 直列4气缸。
Fig. 1 This engine has 4 Vertical Cylinders.


图2 曲轴带动4个活塞，每个活塞滞后90度或180度。
Fig. 2 Crankshaft with 4 Pistons, each delays 90 or 180 degrees.


图3 进气、排气凸轮嵌套多组椭圆形重锤，用于提成进气阀、排气阀。
Fig. 3 Suction and Exhaust Camshafts with Oblong Lobes to lift Poppet Valves.


图4 正时皮带（链）。中蓝色的组件表示冷却水泵，其受正时皮带（链）驱动。底部的齿轮受曲轴驱动。顶部右侧齿轮驱动进气凸轮。顶部左侧齿轮驱动排气凸轮。中部左侧齿轮用于调节正时皮带（链）的松紧度。
Fig. 4 Timing Belt. The Medium Blue one is Cooling Water Pump which is driven by Timing Belt. The bottom gear is driven by the crankshaft. The top right gear drives the Suction Camshaft while the top left gear drives the Exhaust Camshaft. The middle left gear is used to adjust the tension of the Timing Belt.


图5 浅蓝色的管子表示进气吸入管。底部的叶轮表示机械增压部分。顶部的叶轮表示透平增压部分。
Fig. 5 Light blue pipes are Fresh Air Suction: the bottom is Mechanic Charger and the top is Turbine Charger.


图6 灰色的管子表示排气管。排出的废气用于驱动透平叶轮。
Fig. 6 Gray pipes are Exhaust pipes: the Exhaust Gas drives the Turbine.


图7 透平（涡轮）
Fig. 7 Turbine


图8 燃料分布注入系统
Fig. 8 Distributor Fuel Injection System


图9 进气、排气凸轮联动阀组。采用4个二极管模拟火花塞。
Fig. 9 Distributor Spark Plugs System: 4 diode simulate Spark Plugs.


图10 霍尔芯片。
Fig. 10 HALL chip


图11 安装了磁铁的飞轮，激发霍尔传感器，探测曲轴转动位置。
Fig. 11 A Magnet is mounted on the Flywheel to active HALL Effect Sensor to detect the position of each piston.


图12 霍尔传感器的工作原理和火花塞分布点燃系统的工作时序。
Fig. 12 The principle of HALL Effect Sensor.


图13 润滑油泵（轴头泵）通过齿轮组被曲轴带动。
Fig. 13 Lubricate Oil Pump is driven by Crankshaft with Gears.


图14 透视图。
Fig. 14 Perspective View



图15 安装在曲轴末端的霍尔传感器，检测活塞的运动位置。
Fig. 15 HALL Effect Sensor which is mounted at the end of the Crankshaft to detect the position of each Piston.


图16 运行
Fig.16 Working


http://www.camellia.xin/ch/models/engine.html